African Independence

Between the two world wars, an educated middle class had begun 

to emerge in African cities. Young men went abroad for college 

and graduate studies. They listened to American jazz musicians 

and read literature of the Harlem Renaissance. They were influ- 

enced by African Americans such as W. E. B. Du Bois as well as by 

such older Africans as Blaise Diagne, who organized Pan-African 

(all-African) congresses in 1919 and 1921.  The british soon after started to come to africa. Kwame Nkrumah led the first major rebelion against the british.